Israeli paratroopers 1967
(left to right) Zion Karasanti, Yitzhak Yifat and Haim Oshri reach Western Wall June 10, 1967. (Photo/David Rubinger)

Iconic Israeli paratroopers from Six-Day War to visit Bay Area

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David Rubinger’s iconic photograph of three paratroopers at the Western Wall is the defining image of the 1967 Six-Day War. And now, the heroic trip is coming to the Bay Area.

The men in the photo — Zion Karasanti. Dr. Yitzhak Yifat and Haim Oshri — have proudly served as symbols of the historic Israeli victory for the past five decades. But for them, the war was just as much about loss.

“To liberate the Kotel was something amazing,” Yifat said, referring to the Western Wall. “But we never celebrated. What was there to celebrate? We had lost many of our friends.”

Between June 5 and 15, in honor of the Six-Day War’s 50th anniversary, the three former paratroopers, now in their 70s, will re-create Rubinger’s photo in their first-ever tour of the United States — with stops at Jewish communities and other locations in the Bay Area, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Atlanta, Boston and Baltimore. They will also recount some of the sacrifices that were made in the battle for Jerusalem.

Locally, the three will appear Thursday, June 8 at Congregation Beth Am in Los Altos Hills, and June 11 at San Francisco’s Marines’ Memorial Theater. Friends of the IDF will sponsor the events, which will include a young active duty Israeli soldier talking about his experiences, creating a full-circle moment half a century on.

On June 5, 1967, the 55th Paratroopers Brigade was deployed to Jerusalem by bus. The official mission was to protect supply convoys headed to Mount Scopus, the only enclave in eastern Jerusalem that Israel had managed to hold on to in the 1948 War of Independence. But there was talk in the High Command and among soldiers about taking the Old City in Jordanian-controlled eastern Jerusalem.

As they approached the divided city, Yifat recalled being surprised by how loud the sounds of Jordanian shells were as they hit Jewish neighborhoods. He, Karasanti and Oshri were reservists in their early 20s and had never seen serious combat. Soon after they arrived, Jews came into the streets to greet them, offering coffee and sandwiches and welcoming them into their homes. Some of the paratroopers accepted offers to make phone calls to wives, girlfriends and parents back home.

“It was amazing to see how everyone embraced us,” Karasanti said. “All the sectors of Israeli society came together, it didn’t matter if you were Ashkenazi, Sephardi, religious, haredi, a kibbutznik, whatever.”

Israeli paratroopers now
(from left) Zion Karasanti, Yitzhak Yifat and Haim Oshri on Tel Aviv University campus in Ramat Aviv, Israel, May 7, 2017. (Photo/Andrew Tobin)

Following some hurried planning, the paratroopers crossed into no-man’s land after midnight. Dozens were wounded by Jordanian fire before they even entered eastern Jerusalem. Through the night and the next day, the paratroopers fought their way toward Mount Scopus and to the outskirts of the Old City.

The 66th division — to which Karasanti, Yifat and Oshri were assigned — faced the hardest fighting, hand-to-hand combat against elite Jordanian troops in the trenches at Ammunition Hill, which overlooked the road to Mount Scopus. Yifat narrowly avoided being impaled by a Jordanian bayonet — and still has a scar on his face to show for it.

“It was like a hell. The trenches were filled with bodies, and you couldn’t tell if they were friends or enemies,” Yifat said. “At one point, I jumped on an Arab and shot him dead. As I was reloading my magazine, another Arab attacked me with a bayonet, and got me right here. I kicked him between the legs and shot him dead, too.”

Nearly 100 of the paratroopers were killed and 400 wounded before they paused for the night.

The next morning, June 7, the paratroopers found that most of the Jordanian troops had retreated from Jerusalem. Israel’s Cabinet, long divided about whether to capture the Old City, finally gave the go-ahead. Motta Gur, the paratroopers’ famed commander, delivered the news over the radio: “Fifty-fifth paratroopers brigade, we are sitting on the ride overlooking the Old City, and we shall soon enter it — the Old City of Jerusalem, which generations have dreamed of and longed for. We will be the first to enter.”

The paratroopers rushed forward amid sniper fire from remaining Jordanian soldiers and burst through the Lions’ Gate of the Old City. From there they made their way through narrow stone alleys and up to the Temple Mount and the Western Wall.

“The Temple Mount is in our hands,” Gur reported.

Religious and secular paratroopers alike were awed by their return to the heart of the ancient Jewish homeland.

“I didn’t realize where I was until I saw the Israeli flag flying above the stones, said Karasanti, an observant Jew. “I started to cry. Everyone was emotional. The whole nation of Israel was in ecstasy, euphoria. You can’t even imagine what it was like.”

While Yifat, Karasanti and Haim Oshri were walking along the wall, Rubinger, who died in March at age 92, lay on the ground and snapped the photo that would make them — and him — famous. Within days, the image had appeared in newspapers around the world.

Soon after the war — which saw Israel capture the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights and the Sinai — the survivors of the 66th division returned to Ammunition Hill, where they stacked stones into a memorial for the paratroopers who died there. Atop the pile, they placed a helmet. On the other side of the hill, they erected a smaller memorial for the Jordanian soldiers.

“We thought they fought very bravely, and many of them died,” Yifat said. “Somebody has since removed that memorial. I’m very angry about it.”

While Yifat has publicly expressed some ambivalence about Israel’s rule over Palestinians who live in the territories it took in 1967, he said he had no doubt that Israel must retain all of Jerusalem.

“We fought and lost so many friends to unite Jerusalem for the Jewish world,” he said. “There’s no going backwards.”

 

Yitzhak Yifat, Zion Karasanti and Haim Oshri will appear together at 7 p.m. Thursday, June 8, at Congregation Beth Am, 26790 Arastradero Road, Los Altos, and at 10:30 a.m. Sunday, June 11, at Marines’ Memorial Theater, 609 Sutter St., S.F. (415) 547-8360 or fidf.org

Andrew Tobin
Andrew Tobin

JTA Israel correspondent