WASHINGTON — As the pace of diplomatic activity increases in the Middle East, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon said he sent Foreign Minister Shimon Peres to the United States this week to “create the groundwork for future negotiations.”
In Washington on Wednesday, Peres met with Secretary of State Colin Powell and World Bank officials.
On Thursday, he was scheduled to meet with President Bush and National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice. He also planned to address the annual banquet of the American Jewish Committee.
Earlier in the week, Peres spoke to U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan about Israeli concerns for security along its border with Lebanon and addressed a function of the AIPAC, the pro-Israel lobby in New York.
After meeting with Peres, Powell said Wednesday that Israeli-Palestinian violence needs to decrease and pledged American support for future peace negotiations.
“This is not the time to do anything but work on getting the violence down, and that is the primary goal of American policy at this moment,” Powell said.
Throughout his media tour, Peres has repeated his key points.
“Everything that was agreed should be implemented; things that were not agreed should be negotiated,” he reiterated in several speeches. His meaning was that Israel would honor signed agreements with the Palestinians — such as the 1997 Hebron accord or the 1998 Wye agreement — but would not necessarily renew past offers of concessions that the Palestinians rejected.
In addition, Peres said, Israel would demand that the Palestinians uphold their end of the deals.
“I think we have to learn from our own mistakes,” he said after his meeting with Powell. “Previously, we put too much attention to the print and too little attention to the deeds. This time, we have to emphasize the implementation, not just the definition of words.”
The purpose of Peres’ trip was to gauge U.S. reaction to an Egyptian-Jordanian plan, drafted with Palestinian input, to end seven months of Israeli-Palestinian violence and return to the negotiating table.
Israel objects to several parts of the plan, such as the call for a settlement freeze and the fact that specific steps to defuse the situation are not demanded of the Palestinian Authority, as they are of Israel.
Peres said it is now Israel’s turn to present its input, but the Palestinians insist the proposal must not be altered.
In a briefing with reporters in New York on Tuesday, Peres said Israel must negotiate over an Egyptian-Jordanian plan for an Israeli-Palestinian cease-fire — and a resumption of peace talks — even while bullets are still flying.
“Clearly we have to talk in order to end fire,” he said. “You can not end fire just with fire.”
Peres outlined a host of steps that Israel is taking unilaterally to improve Palestinians’ living conditions. They include easing restrictions on the movement of Palestinian people and goods and allowing up to 20,000 more Palestinians to work in Israel. In addition, he said, Israel has presented plans to build a water pipeline to Hebron and resolve a sewage crisis in Nablus, two cities in the West Bank.
However, Peres warned that Palestinian President Yasser Arafat is playing with fire by allowing numerous armed groups to operate in Palestinian territory. Arafat says he cannot control the groups; some Israeli analysts say the structure allows Arafat to duck responsibility for attacks.
“Any country that has more than one armed force doesn’t have one country,” Peres said. The Palestinians “don’t stand a chance to run their own affairs unless there will be one armed force. So we tell Arafat he has to take control.”
Peres said that even if Arafat’s own security forces are participating in terror attacks, it must be without Arafat’s knowledge — though many Israeli officials disagree.
Since the violence began last September, Israel has withheld millions of dollars in tax revenue it collects for the Palestinian Authority. Peres said Wednesday that “as long as Palestinian policemen, who are on the payroll of the Palestinian Authority, are participating in shooting and bombing, it will be unaccepted by us to supply them with the necessary money to do so.”
By rejecting former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak’s generous offers at peace talks over the last year, Peres said, the Palestinians “committed the second greatest mistake in their history,” after their rejection of the original U.N. partition plan in 1947.
He cannot explain their mistake, Peres said, but wondered if Barak’s offers were so generous that they caused the Palestinians to lose all sense of proportion, believing they could hold out for even more.
However, Peres hinted that the root of the problem is the fact that the Palestinians do not have an independent state, which likely would have been the outcome of the Oslo peace process that unraveled in the last seven months of violence.
“It’s not that Oslo is dead,” Peres said Tuesday, “but that Oslo was not completed.”